Weekly reading:
Aharei Moth After the death - Shabbath Hagadol
Torah: Wayyiqra 16:1-18:30
Haftorah: Yehezquel 22:1-19
Shabbath Hagodol: Mikah 3:4-24
Suggested HaBerith HaChadashah Reading: Heb 9:11-28
Lev 16:1 And יהוה spoke to Mosheh after the death of the two sons of Aharon, as they drew near before יהוה, and died.
Lev 16:2 And יהוה said to Mosheh, “Speak to Aharon your brother not to come in at all times to the Set-apart Place inside the veil, before the lid of atonement which is on the ark, lest he die, because I appear in the cloud above the lid of atonement.
Lev 16:3 “With this Aharon should come into the Set-apart Place: with the blood of a young bull as a sin offering, and of a ram as a burnt offering.
Lev 16:4 “He should put on the set-apart linen long shirt, with linen trousers on his flesh, and gird himself with a linen girdle, and be dressed with the linen turban – they are set-apart garments. And he shall bathe his body in water, and shall put them on.
Lev 16:5 “And from the congregation of the children of Yisra’ĕl he takes two male goats as a sin offering, and one ram as a burnt offering.
Lev 16:6 “And Aharon shall bring the bull as a sin offering, which is for himself, and make atonement for himself and for his house.
Lev 16:7 “And he shall take the two goats and let them stand before יהוה at the door of the Tent of Meeting.
Lev 16:8 “And Aharon shall cast lots for the two goats, one lot for יהוה and the other lot for Azazel.
Lev 16:9 “And Aharon shall bring the goat on which the lot for יהוה fell, and shall prepare it as a sin offering.
Lev 16:10 “But the goat on which the lot for Azazel fell is caused to stand alive before יהוה, to make atonement upon it, to send it into the wilderness to Azazel.
Lev 16:11 “And Aharon shall bring the bull of the sin offering, which is for himself, and make atonement for himself and for his house, and shall slaughter the bull as the sin offering which is for himself,
Lev 16:12 and shall take a fire holder filled with burning coals of fire from the altar before יהוה, with his hands filled with sweet incense beaten fine, and shall bring it inside the veil.
Lev 16:13 “And he shall put the incense on the fire before יהוה, and the cloud of incense shall cover the lid of atonement which is on the Witness, lest he die.
Lev 16:14 “And he shall take some of the blood of the bull and sprinkle it with his finger on the lid of atonement on the east side, also in front of the lid of atonement he sprinkles some of the blood with his finger seven times.
Lev 16:15 “And he shall slaughter the goat of the sin offering, which is for the people, and shall bring its blood inside the veil, and shall do with that blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the lid of atonement and in front of the lid of atonement.
Lev 16:16 “And he shall make atonement for the Set-apart Place, because of the uncleanness of the children of Yisra’ĕl, and because of their transgressions in all their sins. And so he does for the Tent of Meeting which is dwelling with them in the midst of their uncleanness.
Lev 16:17 “And no man should be in the Tent of Meeting when he goes in to make atonement in the Set-apart Place, until he comes out. And he shall make atonement for himself, and for his household, and for all the assembly of Yisra’ĕl.
Lev 16:18 “And he shall go out to the altar that is before יהוה, and make atonement for it. And he shall take some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it on the horns of the altar all around.
Lev 16:19 “And he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it, and set it apart from the uncleanness of the children of Yisra’ĕl.
Lev 16:20 “And when he has finished atoning for the Set-apart Place, and the Tent of Meeting, and the altar, he shall bring the live goat.
Lev 16:21 “Then Aharon shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, and shall confess over it all the crookednesses of the children of Yisra’ĕl, and all their transgressions in all their sins, and shall put them on the head of the goat, and shall send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a fit man.
Lev 16:22 “And the goat shall bear on itself all their crookednesses, to a land cut off. Thus he shall send the goat away into the wilderness.
Lev 16:23 “Aharon shall then come into the Tent of Meeting, and shall take off the linen garments which he put on when he went into the Set-apart Place, and shall leave them there.
Lev 16:24 “And he shall bathe his body in water in the set-apart place, and shall put on his garments, and shall come out and prepare his burnt offering and the burnt offering of the people, and make atonement for himself and for the people,
Lev 16:25 and burn the fat of the sin offering on the altar.
Lev 16:26 “And he who sent away the goat to Azazel washes his garments, and shall bathe his body in water, and afterward he comes into the camp.
Lev 16:27 “And the bull for the sin offering and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the Set-apart Place, is brought outside the camp. And they shall burn their skins, and their flesh, and their dung with fire.
Lev 16:28 “And he who burns them washes his garments, and shall bathe his body in water, and afterward he comes into the camp.
Lev 16:29 “And this shall be for you a law forever: In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you afflict your beings, and do no work, the native or the stranger who sojourns among you.
Lev 16:30 “For on that day he makes atonement for you, to cleanse you, to be clean from all your sins before יהוה.
Lev 16:31 “It is a Sabbath of rest for you, and you shall afflict your beings – a law forever.
Lev 16:32 “And the priest, who is anointed and ordained to serve as priest in his father’s place, shall make atonement, and shall put on the linen garments, the set-apart garments,
Lev 16:33 and he shall make atonement for the Most Set-apart Place, and make atonement for the Tent of Meeting and for the altar, and make atonement for the priests and for all the people of the assembly.
Lev 16:34 “And this shall be for you a law forever, to make atonement for the children of Yisra’ĕl, for all their sins, once a year.” And he did as יהוה commanded Mosheh.
Lev 17:1 And יהוה spoke to Mosheh, saying,
Lev 17:2 “Speak to Aharon, to his sons, and to all the children of Yisra’ĕl, and say to them, ‘This is the word which יהוה has commanded, saying,
Lev 17:3 “Any man from the house of Yisra’ĕl who slaughters a bull or a lamb or a goat in the camp, or who slaughters it outside the camp,
Lev 17:4 and does not bring it to the door of the Tent of Meeting, to bring an offering to יהוה before the Dwelling Place of יהוה, blood-guilt is reckoned to that man. He has shed blood, and that man shall be cut off from among his people,
Lev 17:5 in order that the children of Yisra’ĕl bring their slaughterings which they slaughter in the open field. And they shall bring them to יהוה at the door of the Tent of meeting, to the priest, and slaughter them as peace offerings to יהוה.
Lev 17:6 “And the priest shall sprinkle the blood on the altar of יהוה at the door of the Tent of Meeting, and shall burn the fat for a sweet fragrance to יהוה.
Lev 17:7 “And let them no longer slaughter their slaughterings to demons, after whom they whored. This is a law forever for them throughout their generations.” ’
Lev 17:8 “And say to them, ‘Any man of the house of Yisra’ĕl, or of the strangers who sojourn among you, who offers a burnt offering or slaughtering,
Lev 17:9 and does not bring it to the door of the Tent of Meeting, to do it to יהוה, that man shall be cut off from among his people.
Lev 17:10 ‘And any man of the house of Yisra’ĕl, or of the strangers who sojourn among you, who eats any blood, I shall set My face against that being who eats blood, and shall cut him off from among his people.
Lev 17:11 ‘For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it to you upon the altar to make atonement for your lives, for it is the blood that makes atonement for the life.’
Lev 17:12 “Therefore I said to the children of Yisra’ĕl, ‘No being among you eats blood, nor does any stranger who sojourns among you eat blood.’
Lev 17:13 “And any man from the children of Yisra’ĕl, or from the strangers who sojourn among you, who hunts and catches any beast or bird, which is eaten, shall pour out its blood and cover it with dust,
Lev 17:14 for it is the life of all flesh. Its blood is for its life. And I said to the children of Yisra’ĕl, ‘Do not eat the blood of any flesh, for the life of all flesh is its blood. Anyone eating it is cut off.’
Lev 17:15 “And any being who eats a carcass or what was torn by a beast, be he a native or a stranger, he shall wash his garments and bathe in water, and shall be unclean until evening. Then he shall be clean.
Lev 17:16 “And if he does not wash or bathe his body, then he shall bear his crookedness.”
Lev 18:1 And יהוה spoke to Mosheh, saying,
Lev 18:2 “Speak to the children of Yisra’ĕl, and say to them, ‘I am יהוה your Elohim.
Lev 18:3 ‘Do not do as they do in the land of Mitsrayim, where you dwelt. And do not do as they do in the land of Kenaʽan, where I am bringing you, and do not walk in their laws.
Lev 18:4 ‘Do My right-rulings and guard My laws, to walk in them. I am יהוה your Elohim.
Lev 18:5 ‘And you shall guard My laws and My right-rulings, which a man does and lives by them. I am יהוה.
Lev 18:6 ‘No one is to approach anyone of his own flesh to uncover his nakedness. I am יהוה.
Lev 18:7 ‘The nakedness of your father or the nakedness of your mother you do not uncover. She is your mother, you do not uncover her nakedness.
Lev 18:8 ‘The nakedness of your father’s wife you do not uncover, it is your father’s nakedness.
Lev 18:9 ‘The nakedness of your sister, the daughter of your father, or the daughter of your mother, whether born at home or elsewhere, their nakedness you do not uncover.
Lev 18:10 ‘The nakedness of your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter, their nakedness you do not uncover, for theirs is your own nakedness.
Lev 18:11 ‘The nakedness of your father’s wife’s daughter, brought forth by your father, she is your sister, you do not uncover her nakedness.
Lev 18:12 ‘The nakedness of your father’s sister you do not uncover, she is your father’s flesh.
Lev 18:13 ‘The nakedness of your mother’s sister you do not uncover, for she is your mother’s flesh.
Lev 18:14 ‘The nakedness of your father’s brother you do not uncover, you do not approach his wife, she is your aunt.
Lev 18:15 ‘The nakedness of your daughter-in-law you do not uncover, she is your son’s wife, you do not uncover her nakedness.
Lev 18:16 ‘The nakedness of your brother’s wife you do not uncover, it is your brother’s nakedness.
Lev 18:17 ‘The nakedness of a woman and her daughter you do not uncover, nor do you take her son’s daughter or her daughter’s daughter, to uncover her nakedness. They are her relatives – it is wickedness.
Lev 18:18 ‘And do not take a woman as a rival to her sister, to uncover her nakedness while the other is alive.
Lev 18:19 ‘And do not approach a woman to uncover her nakedness in her monthly separation of uncleanness.
Lev 18:20 ‘And do not have intercourse with the wife of your neighbour, to defile yourself with her.
Lev 18:21 ‘And do not give any of your offspring to pass through to Moleḵ. And do not profane the Name of your Elohim. I am יהוה.
Lev 18:22 ‘And do not lie with a male as with a woman, it is an abomination.
Lev 18:23 ‘And do not have intercourse with any beast, to defile yourself with it. And a woman does not stand before a beast to mate with it, it is a perversion.
Lev 18:24 ‘Do not defile yourselves with all these, for by all these the nations are defiled, which I am driving out before you.
Lev 18:25 ‘Thus the land became defiled, therefore I punished it for its crookedness, and the land vomited out its inhabitants.
Lev 18:26 ‘But you, you shall guard My laws and My right-rulings, and not do any of these abominations, the native nor stranger who sojourns among you,
Lev 18:27 because the men of the land who were before you have done all these abominations, and thus the land became defiled,
Lev 18:28 ‘So let not the land vomit you out for defiling it, as it vomited out the nations that were before you.
Lev 18:29 ‘For whoever does any of these abominations, those beings who do them shall be cut off from among their people.
Lev 18:30 ‘And you shall guard My Charge, so as not to do any of these abominable practices which were done before you, so as not to defile yourselves by them. I am יהוה your Elohim.’ ”
Haftorah: Yehezquel 22:1-19
Eze 22:1 And the word of יהוה came to me, saying,
Eze 22:2 “And now, son of man, judge, judge the city of blood! And you shall show her all her abominations!
Eze 22:3 “And you shall say, ‘Thus said the Master יהוה, “The city sheds blood in her midst, that her time might come. And she has made idols within herself to become defiled.
Eze 22:4 “You have become guilty by the blood which you have shed, and have defiled yourself with the idols which you have made. Thus you have brought your days near, and have come to the end of your years. Therefore I shall make you a reproach to the gentiles, and a mockery to all lands.
Eze 22:5 “Those near and those far from you mock you – defiled is your name and great the confusion!
Eze 22:6 “See the leaders of Yisra’ĕl: each one has used his arm to shed blood in you.
Eze 22:7 “They have despised father and mother within you. They have oppressed the stranger in your midst. They have wronged the fatherless and the widow within you.
Eze 22:8 “You have despised that which is set-apart to Me, and you have profaned My Sabbaths.
Eze 22:9 “Slanderous men have been in you to shed blood. And in you are those who eat on the mountains. They have done wickedness in your midst.
Eze 22:10 “In you they have uncovered the nakedness of a father. In you they have humbled women who are defiled during their uncleanness.
Eze 22:11 “And the one has done abomination with his neighbour’s wife. And another has wickedly defiled his daughter-in-law. And another within you has humbled his sister, his father’s daughter.
Eze 22:12 “In you they have taken a bribe to shed blood. You have taken interest and increase. You have cut off your neighbour by extortion. And you have forgotten Me,” declares the Master יהוה.
Eze 22:13 “And see, I shall smite My hand because of your greedy gain which you have made, and at the bloodshed which has been in your midst.
Eze 22:14 “Would your heart stand, your hands remain strong, in the days when I deal with you? I, יהוה, have spoken, and shall do it.
Eze 22:15 “And I shall scatter you among the gentiles, and shall disperse you throughout the lands, and shall consume your filthiness out of you.
Eze 22:16 “And you shall profane yourself before the eyes of the gentiles. And you shall know that I am יהוה.” ’ ”
Eze 22:17 And the word of יהוה came to me, saying,
Eze 22:18 “Son of man, the house of Yisra’ĕl has become dross to Me. All of them are bronze, and tin, and iron, and lead, in the midst of a furnace – they have become the dross of silver.
Eze 22:19 “Therefore thus said the Master יהוה, ‘Because all of you have become dross, therefore see, I am gathering you into the midst of Yerushalayim.
Shabbath Hagodol: Mikah 3:4-24
Mic 3:1 Then I said, “Hear now, O heads of Yaʽaqoḇ, and you rulers of the house of Yisra’ĕl: Should you not know right-ruling,
Mic 3:2 you who are hating good and loving evil, tearing away the skin from My people, and the flesh from their bones,
Mic 3:3 and who have eaten the flesh of My people, and stripped off their skin, and have broken their bones, and have cut it up as into a pot, like flesh in the cooking pot?”
Mic 3:4 Therefore, when they cry to יהוה He does not answer them, and hides His face from them at that time, as they have made their deeds evil.
Mic 3:5 Thus said יהוה concerning the prophets who lead my people astray, who are biting with their teeth and have called out, “Peace!” They even set apart a battle against him who does not give for their mouths.
Mic 3:6 Therefore it shall be night to you without vision, and darkness to you without divination. The sun shall go down on the prophets, and the day shall be dark for them.
Mic 3:7 And the seers shall be ashamed, and the diviners embarrassed. And they shall all cover their lips, for there is no answer, O Elohim.
Mic 3:8 But truly I am filled with power, with the Spirit of יהוה, and with right-ruling and with might, to declare to Yaʽaqoḇ his transgression and to Yisra’ĕl his sin1. Footnote: 12 Chr. 24:20, John. 16:8.
Mic 3:9 Hear this, please, you heads of the house of Yaʽaqoḇ and you rulers of the house of Yisra’ĕl, who despise right-ruling and distort all that is straight,
Mic 3:10 those building up Tsiyon with bloodshed and Yerushalayim with unrighteousness.
Mic 3:11 Her heads judge for a bribe, her priests teach for pay1, and her prophets divine for a price. Yet they lean on יהוה, and say, “Is not יהוה in our midst? Evil does not come upon us.” Footnote: 1John 10:12.
Mic 3:12 Therefore, because of you, Tsiyon is ploughed like a field, and Yerushalayim becomes heaps, and the mountain of the House like a wooded height.
Mic 4:1 And in the latter days it shall be that the mountain of the House of יהוה is established on the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills. And peoples shall flow to it.
Mic 4:2 And many nations shall come and say, “Come, and let us go up to the mountain of יהוה, to the House of the Elohim of Yaʽaqoḇ, and let Him teach us His ways, and let us walk in His paths. For out of Tsiyon comes forth the Torah, and the word of יהוה from Yerushalayim1.” Footnote: 1Isa. 2:3.
Mic 4:3 And He shall judge among many peoples, and reprove strong nations afar off. They shall beat their swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning hooks – nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither teach battle any more.
Mic 4:4 But each one shall sit under his vine and under his fig tree, with no one to make them afraid, for the mouth of יהוה of hosts has spoken.
Mic 4:5 For all the peoples walk, each one in the name of his mighty one, but we walk in the Name of יהוה our Elohim forever and ever1. Footnote: 1Zech. 10:12.
Mic 4:6 “In that day,” declares יהוה, “I gather the lame, and I bring together the outcast and those whom I have afflicted.
Mic 4:7 “And I shall make the lame a remnant, and the outcast a strong nation. And יהוה shall reign over them in Mount Tsiyon1, from now on and forever. Footnote: 1Isa. 24:23.
Mic 4:8 “And you, O tower of the flock, stronghold of the daughter of Tsiyon, it shall come to you, the former rule shall come, the reign of the daughter of Yerushalayim.”
Mic 4:9 Now why do you cry aloud? Is there no sovereign in you? Has your counsellor perished? For pain has gripped you like a woman in labour.
Mic 4:10 Be in pain, and deliver, O daughter of Tsiyon, like a woman in labour. For now you are to leave the city, and you shall dwell in the field. And you shall go to Baḇel, there you shall be delivered, there יהוה shall redeem you from the hand of your enemies.
Mic 4:11 And now, many gentiles shall be gathered against you, who are saying, “Let her be defiled, and let our eyes look upon Tsiyon!”
Mic 4:12 But they do not know the thoughts of יהוה, nor do they understand His counsel. For He has gathered them like sheaves to the threshing-floor.
Mic 4:13 “Arise and thresh, O daughter of Tsiyon, for I make your horn iron and your hooves bronze. And you shall beat many peoples into pieces, and I shall seclude their gain to יהוה, and their wealth to the Master of all the earth.”
Suggested HaBerith HaChadashah Reading: Heb 9:11-28
Heb 9:11 But Messiah, having become a High Priest of the coming good matters, through the greater and more perfect Tent not made with hands, that is, not of this creation,
Heb 9:12 entered into the Most Set-apart Place once for all, not with the blood of goats and calves, but with His own blood, having obtained everlasting redemption.
Heb 9:13 For if the blood of bulls and goats and the ashes of a heifer, sprinkling the defiled, sets apart for the cleansing of the flesh,
Heb 9:14 how much more shall the blood of the Messiah, who through the everlasting Spirit offered Himself unblemished to Elohim, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living Elohim?
Heb 9:15 And because of this He is the Mediator of a renewed covenant, so that, death having taken place for redemption of the transgressions under the first covenant, those who are called might receive the promise of the everlasting inheritance.
Heb 9:16 For where a covenant is, it is necessary for the death of the covenanted one to be established.
Heb 9:17 For a covenant over those dead is firm, since it is never valid while the covenanted one is living.
Heb 9:18 Therefore not even the first covenant was instituted without blood.
Heb 9:19 For when, according to Torah, every command had been spoken by Mosheh to all the people, he took the blood of calves and goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people,
Heb 9:20 saying, “This is the blood of the covenant which Elohim commanded you.”
Heb 9:21 And in the same way he sprinkled with blood both the Tent and all the vessels of the service.
Heb 9:22 And, according to the Torah, almost all is cleansed with blood, and without shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.
Heb 9:23 It was necessary, then, that the copies of the heavenly ones should be cleansed with these, but the heavenly ones themselves with better slaughter offerings than these.
Heb 9:24 For Messiah has not entered into a Set-apart Place made by hand – figures of the true – but into the heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of Elohim on our behalf,
Heb 9:25 not that He should offer Himself often, as the high priest enters into the Set-apart Place year by year with blood not his own.
Heb 9:26 For if so, He would have had to suffer often, since the foundation of the world. But now He has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to put away sin by the offering of Himself.
Heb 9:27 And as it awaits men to die once, and after this the judgment,
Heb 9:28 so also the Messiah, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, shall appear a second time, apart from sin, to those waiting for Him, unto deliverance.
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Acharei Aliya Summary
First Aliyah: The High Priest is instructed to only enter the Holy of Holies chamber of the sanctuary once a year, on Yom Kippur; and even on this holiest day of the year, the entry into the Temple's inner sanctum must be accompanied by a special service and specific offerings which are detailed in this reading. The High Priest was only permitted to enter amidst a cloud of burning incense. Also, special white garments were worn by the High Priest on this day. While offering the day's sacrifices, the High Priest would "confess" on behalf of the entire nation, attaining atonement for the past year's sins.
Second Aliyah: This section continues the description of the special Yom Kippur service. The procedure of the "scapegoat" ceremony is described in this aliyah.
Third Aliyah: After concluding the order of the Yom Kippur service in the Temple, the Torah instructs us to observe Yom Kippur as a Day of Atonement when we must abstain from work and "afflict" ourselves.
Fourth Aliyah: The Jews are forbidden to offer sacrifices anywhere other than the Tabernacle or Temple.
Fifth Aliyah: We are enjoined not to consume blood. When slaughtering fowl or undomesticated animals, we are commanded to cover their blood with earth. The Jews are admonished not to follow the depraved ways of the Egyptians and Canaanites.
Sixth Aliyah: Continuing on the above theme, the Torah provides a list of prohibited sexual relationships. The list includes adultery, cohabiting with a menstruating woman, and forbidden close relatives.
Seventh Aliyah: The prohibitions against homosexuality and bestiality are mentioned. The Jews are then warned that engaging in these forbidden relationships will result in their expulsion from the Land of Israel -- a holy land which cannot tolerate immoral behavior.
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