Weekly reading: Beshalach Ex 13:17-17:16
Haftorah: Judges 4:4-5:31
Suggested HaBerith HaChadashah Reading Jn 6:15-71
Exo 13:17-22 And it came to be, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that Elohim did not lead them by way of the land of the Philistines, though that was nearer, for Elohim said, “Lest the people regret when they see fighting, and return to Mitsrayim.”
18 So Elohim led the people around by way of the wilderness of the Sea of Reeds. And the children of Yisra’ĕl went up armed from the land of Mitsrayim.
19 And Mosheh took the bones of Yosĕph with him, for he certainly made the children of Yisra’ĕl swear, saying, “Elohim shall certainly visit you, and you shall bring my bones from here with you.”
20 And they departed from Sukkoth and camped in Ětham at the edge of the wilderness.
21 And יהוה went before them by day in a column of cloud to lead the way, and by night in a column of fire to give them light, so as to go by day and night.
22 The column of cloud did not cease by day, nor the column of fire by night, before the people.
Exo 14:1-31 And יהוה spoke to Mosheh, saying,
2 “Speak to the children of Yisra’ĕl, that they turn and camp before Pi Haḥiroth, between Miḡdol and the sea, opposite Baʽal Tsephon – camp before it by the sea.
3 “For Pharaoh shall say of the children of Yisra’ĕl, ‘They are entangled in the land, the wilderness has closed them in.’
4 “And I shall harden the heart of Pharaoh, and he shall pursue them. But I am to be esteemed through Pharaoh and over all his army, and the Mitsrites shall know that I am יהוה.” And they did so.
5 And it was reported to the sovereign of Mitsrayim that the people had fled, and the heart of Pharaoh and his servants was turned against the people. And they said, “Why have we done this, that we have let Yisra’ĕl go from serving us?”
6 So he made his chariot ready and took his people with him.
7 And he took six hundred choice chariots, and all the chariots of Mitsrayim with officers over all of them.
8 And יהוה hardened the heart of Pharaoh sovereign of Mitsrayim, and he pursued the children of Yisra’ĕl, but the children of Yisra’ĕl went out defiantly.
Second
9 And the Mitsrites pursued them, and all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen and his army, and overtook them camping by the sea beside Pi Haḥiroth, before Baʽal Tsephon.
10 And when Pharaoh drew near, the children of Yisra’ĕl lifted their eyes and saw the Mitsrites coming up after them. And they were greatly afraid, so the children of Yisra’ĕl cried out to יהוה.
11 And they said to Mosheh, “Did you take us away to die in the wilderness because there are no graves in Mitsrayim? What is this you have done to us, to bring us up out of Mitsrayim?
12 “Is this not the word that we spoke to you in Mitsrayim, saying, ‘Leave us alone and let us serve the Mitsrites?’ For it would have been better for us to serve the Mitsrites than to die in the wilderness.”
13 And Mosheh said to the people, “Do not be afraid. Stand still, and see the deliverance of יהוה, which He does for you today. For the Mitsrites whom you see today, you are never, never to see again.
14 “יהוה does fight for you, and you keep still.”
Third
15 And יהוה said to Mosheh, “Why do you cry to Me? Speak to the children of Yisra’ĕl, and let them go forward.
16 “And you, lift up your rod, and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it, and let the children of Yisra’ĕl go on dry ground through the midst of the sea.
17 “And I, see I am hardening the hearts of the Mitsrites, and they shall follow them. And I am to be esteemed through Pharaoh and over all his army, his chariots, and his horsemen.
18 “And the Mitsrites shall know that I am יהוה, when I am esteemed through Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.”
19 And the Messenger of Elohim, who went before the camp of Yisra’ĕl, moved and went behind them. And the column of cloud went from before them and stood behind them,
20 and came between the camp of the Mitsrites and the camp of Yisra’ĕl. And it was the cloud and the darkness, and it gave light by night, and the one did not come near the other all the night.
21 And Mosheh stretched out his hand over the sea. And יהוה caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea into dry land, and the waters were divided.
22 And the children of Yisra’ĕl went into the midst of the sea on dry ground, and the waters were a wall to them on their right and on their left.
23 And the Mitsrites pursued and went after them into the midst of the sea, all the horses of Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.
24 And it came to be, in the morning watch, that יהוה looked down upon the army of the Mitsrites through the column of fire and cloud, and He brought the army of the Mitsrites into confusion.
25 And He took off their chariot wheels, so that they drove them with difficulty. And the Mitsrites said, “Let us flee from the face of Yisra’ĕl, for יהוה fights for them against the Mitsrites.”
Fourth
26 Then יהוה said to Mosheh, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, and let the waters come back upon the Mitsrites, on their chariots, and on their horsemen.”
27 And Mosheh stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its usual flow, at the break of day, with the Mitsrites fleeing into it. Thus יהוה overthrew the Mitsrites in the midst of the sea,
28 and the waters returned and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the army of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them, and not even one was left of them.
29 And the children of Yisra’ĕl walked on dry ground in the midst of the sea, and the waters were a wall to them on their right and on their left.
30 Thus יהוה saved Yisra’ĕl that day out of the hand of the Mitsrites, and Yisra’ĕl saw the Mitsrites dead on the seashore.
31 And Yisra’ĕl saw the great work which יהוה had done in Mitsrayim, and the people feared יהוה, and believed יהוה and His servant Mosheh.
Exo 15:1-27 Then Mosheh and the children of Yisra’ĕl sang this song to יהוה, and spoke, saying, “I sing to יהוה, for He is highly exalted! The horse and its rider He has thrown into the sea!
2 “Yah is my strength and song, and He has become my deliverance. He is my Ěl, and I praise Him – Elohim of my father, and I exalt Him.
3 “יהוה is a man of battle, יהוה is His Name.
4 “He has cast Pharaoh’s chariots and his army into the sea, and his chosen officers are drowned in the Sea of Reeds.
5 “The depths covered them, they went down to the bottom like a stone.
6 “Your right hand, O יהוה, has become great in power. Your right hand, O יהוה, has crushed the enemy.
7 “And in the greatness of Your excellence You pulled down those who rose up against You. You sent forth Your wrath, it consumed them like stubble.
8 “And with the wind of Your nostrils the waters were heaped up, the floods stood like a wall, the depths became stiff in the heart of the sea.
9 “The enemy said, ‘I pursue, I overtake, I divide the spoil, my being is satisfied on them. I draw out my sword, my hand destroys them.’
10 “You did blow with Your wind, the sea covered them, they sank like lead in the mighty waters.
11 “Who is like You, O יהוה, among the mighty ones? Who is like You, great in set-apartness, awesome in praises, working wonders?
12 “You stretched out Your right hand, the earth swallowed them.
13 “In Your kindness You led the people whom You have redeemed, in Your strength You guided them to Your set-apart dwelling.
14 “Peoples heard, they trembled, anguish gripped the inhabitants of Philistia.
15 “Then the chiefs of Eḏom were troubled, the mighty men of Mo’aḇ, trembling grips them, all the inhabitants of Kenaʽan melted.
16 “Fear and dread fell on them, by the greatness of Your arm they are as silent as a stone, until Your people pass over, O יהוה, until the people, whom You have bought, pass over.
17 “You bring them in and plant them in the mountain of Your inheritance, in the place, O יהוה, which You have made for Your own dwelling, the set-apart place, O יהוה, which Your hands have prepared.
18 “יהוה reigns forever and ever.”
19 For the horses of Pharaoh went with his chariots and his horsemen into the sea, and יהוה brought back the waters of the sea upon them. And the children of Yisra’ĕl went on dry ground in the midst of the sea.
20 And Miryam the prophetess, the sister of Aharon, took the timbrel in her hand. And all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances.
21 And Miryam answered them, “Sing to יהוה, for He is highly exalted! The horse and its rider He has thrown into the sea!”
22 And Mosheh brought Yisra’ĕl from the Sea of Reeds, and they went out into the Wilderness of Shur. And they went three days in the wilderness and found no water.
23 And they came to Marah, and they were unable to drink the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. So the name of it was called Marah.
24 And the people grumbled against Mosheh, saying, “What are we to drink?”
25 Then he cried out to יהוה, and יהוה showed him a tree. And when he threw it into the waters, the waters were made sweet. There He made a law and a right-ruling for them, and there He tried them.
26 And He said, “If you diligently obey the voice of יהוה your Elohim and do what is right in His eyes, and shall listen to His commands and shall guard all His laws, I shall bring on you none of the diseases I brought on the Mitsrites, for I am יהוה who heals you.”
Fifth
27 And they came to Ělim, where there were twelve fountains of water and seventy palm trees. And they camped there by the waters.
Exo 16:1-36 And they set out from Ělim, and all the congregation of the children of Yisra’ĕl came to the Wilderness of Sin, which is between Ělim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their going out of the land of Mitsrayim.
2 And all the congregation of the children of Yisra’ĕl grumbled against Mosheh and Aharon in the wilderness.
3 And the children of Yisra’ĕl said to them, “If only we had died by the hand of יהוה in the land of Mitsrayim, when we sat by the pots of meat and when we ate bread to satisfaction! For you have brought us out into this wilderness to put all this assembly to death with hunger.”
4 And יהוה said to Mosheh, “See, I am raining bread from the heavens for you. And the people shall go out and gather a day’s portion every day, in order to try them, whether they walk in My Torah or not.
5 “And it shall be on the sixth day that they shall prepare what they bring in, and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily.”
6 And Mosheh and Aharon said to all the children of Yisra’ĕl, “At evening you shall know that יהוה has brought you out of the land of Mitsrayim.
7 “And in the morning you shall see the esteem of יהוה, for He hears your grumblings against יהוה. And what are we, that you grumble against us?”
8 And Mosheh said, “In that יהוה gives you meat to eat in the evening, and in the morning bread to satisfaction, for יהוה hears your grumblings which you make against Him. And what are we? Your grumblings are not against us but against יהוה.”
9 And Mosheh said to Aharon, “Say to all the congregation of the children of Yisra’ĕl, ‘Come near before יהוה, for He has heard your grumblings.’ ”
10 And it came to be, as Aharon spoke to all the congregation of the children of Yisra’ĕl, that they looked toward the wilderness and see, the esteem of יהוה appeared in the cloud.
Sixth
11 And יהוה spoke to Mosheh, saying,
12 “I have heard the grumblings of the children of Yisra’ĕl. Speak to them, saying, ‘Between the evenings you are to eat meat, and in the morning you are to be satisfied with bread. And you shall know that I am יהוה your Elohim.’ ”
13 And it came to be that quails came up at evening and covered the camp, and in the morning the dew lay all around the camp.
14 And the layer of dew went up, and see, on the surface of the wilderness, was a small round substance, as fine as frost on the ground.
15 And the children of Yisra’ĕl saw, and they said to each other, “What is it?” For they did not know what it was. And Mosheh said to them, “It is the bread which יהוה has given you to eat.
16 “This is the word which יהוה has commanded: ‘Let every man gather it according to each one’s need, an omer for each being, according to the number of beings. Let every man take for those who are in his tent.’ ”
17 And the children of Yisra’ĕl did so and gathered, some more, some less.
18 And they measured it by omers, and he who gathered much did not have too much, and he who gathered little did not have too little. Each one gathered according to his need.
19 And Mosheh said, “Let no one leave any of it until morning.”
20 And they did not listen to Mosheh, so some of them left part of it until morning, and it bred worms and stank. And Mosheh was wroth with them.
21 And they gathered it every morning, each one according to his need. And when the sun became hot, it melted.
22 And it came to be, on the sixth day, that they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one. And all the rulers of the congregation came and told Mosheh.
23 And he said to them, “This is what יהוה has said, ‘Tomorrow is a rest, a Sabbath set-apart to יהוה. That which you bake, bake; and that which you cook, cook. And lay up for yourselves all that is left over, to keep it until morning.’ ”
24 And they laid it up till morning, as Mosheh commanded. And it did not stink, and no worm was in it.
25 And Mosheh said, “Eat it today, for today is a Sabbath to יהוה, today you do not find it in the field.
26 “Gather it six days, but on the seventh day, which is the Sabbath, there is none.”
27 And it came to be that some of the people went out on the seventh day to gather, but they found none.
28 And יהוה said to Mosheh, “How long shall you refuse to guard My commands and My Torot1? Footnote: 1Torot - plural of Torah, teaching.
29 “See, because יהוה has given you the Sabbath, therefore He is giving you bread for two days on the sixth day. Let each one stay in his place, do not let anyone go out of his place on the seventh day.”
30 So the people rested on the seventh day1. Footnote: The seventh day of the week, the weekly Sabbath, was observed before the Ten Words were given on Mt. Sinai.
31 And the house of Yisra’ĕl called its name Manna. And it was like white coriander seed, and the taste of it was like thin cakes made with honey.
32 And Mosheh said, “This is the word which יהוה has commanded: ‘Fill an omer with it, to keep for your generations, so that they see the bread with which I fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you out of the land of Mitsrayim.’ ”
33 And Mosheh said to Aharon, “Take a pot and put an omer of manna in it, and set it down before יהוה, to keep for your generations.”
34 As יהוה commanded Mosheh, so did Aharon set it down before the Witness, to keep.
35 And the children of Yisra’ĕl ate manna forty years, until they came to an inhabited land. They ate manna until they came to the border of the land of Kenaʽan.
36 And an omer is one-tenth of an ĕphah.
Seventh
Exo 17:1 And all the congregation of the children of Yisra’ĕl set out on their journey from the Wilderness of Sin, according to the command of יהוה, and camped in Rephiḏim. And there was no water for the people to drink.
Exo 17:2 Therefore the people strove with Mosheh, and said, “Give us water to drink.” And Mosheh said to them, “Why do you strive with me? Why do you try יהוה?”
Exo 17:3 And the people thirsted there for water, and the people grumbled against Mosheh, and said, “Why did you bring us out of Mitsrayim, to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?”
Exo 17:4 Then Mosheh cried out to יהוה, saying, “What am I to do with this people? Yet a little and they shall stone me!”
Exo 17:5 And יהוה said to Mosheh, “Pass over before the people, and take with you some of the elders of Yisra’ĕl. And take in your hand your rod with which you smote the river, and go.
Exo 17:6 “See, I am standing before you there on the rock in Ḥorĕḇ. And you shall smite the rock, and water shall come out of it, and the people shall drink.” And Mosheh did so before the eyes of the elders of Yisra’ĕl.
Exo 17:7 And he called the name of the place Massah and Meriḇah, because of the ‘strife’ of the children of Yisra’ĕl, and because they ‘tried’ יהוה, saying, “Is יהוה in our midst or not?”
Exo 17:8 And Amalĕq came and fought with Yisra’ĕl in Rephiḏim.
Exo 17:9 And Mosheh said to Yehoshua, “Choose for us men and go out, fight with Amalĕq. Tomorrow I am stationing myself on the top of the hill with the rod of Elohim in my hand.”
Exo 17:10 And Yehoshua did as Mosheh said to him, to fight with Amalĕq. And Mosheh, Aharon, and Ḥur went up to the top of the hill.
Exo 17:11 And it came to be, when Mosheh held up his hand, that Yisra’ĕl prevailed. And when he let down his hand, Amalĕq prevailed.
Exo 17:12 But Mosheh’s hands were heavy, so they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat on it. And Aharon and Ḥur supported his hands, one on one side, and the other on the other side. And his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.
Exo 17:13 And Yehoshua defeated Amalĕq and his people with the edge of the sword.
Maftier
Exo 17:14 And יהוה said to Mosheh, “Write this for a remembrance in the book and recite it in the hearing of Yehoshua, that I shall completely blot out the remembrance of Amalĕq from under the heavens.”
Exo 17:15 And Mosheh built an altar and called its name, יהוה Nissi,
Exo 17:16 for he said, “Because a hand is on the throne of Yah, יהוה is to fight against Amalĕq, from generation to generation.”
Haftorah: Judges 4:4-5:31
Jdg 4:4-24 And Deḇorah, a prophetess, the wife of Lappiḏoth, was ruling Yisra’ĕl at that time.
5 And she was dwelling under the palm tree of Deḇorah between Ramah and Bĕyth Ěl in the mountains of Ephrayim. And the children of Yisra’ĕl came up to her for right-ruling.
6 And she sent and called for Baraq son of Aḇinoʽam from Qeḏesh in Naphtali, and said to him, “Has not יהוה Elohim of Yisra’ĕl commanded, ‘Go, and you shall draw towards Mount Taḇor, and shall take with you ten thousand men of the sons of Naphtali and of the sons of Zeḇulun,
7 and I shall draw unto you Sisera, the commander of Yaḇin’s army, with his chariots and his company at the wadi Qishon, and shall give him into your hand’?”
8 And Baraq said to her, “If you go with me, then I shall go; but if you do not go with me, I do not go.”
9 And she said, “I shall certainly go with you. Only, there shall be no esteem for you in the journey you are taking, for יהוה is going to sell Sisera into the hand of a woman.” So Deḇorah arose and went with Baraq to Qeḏesh.
10 And Baraq called Zeḇulun and Naphtali to Qeḏesh. And he went up – ten thousand men under his command – and Deḇorah went up with him.
11 And Ḥeḇer the Qĕynite, of the children of Ḥoḇaḇ the father-in-law of Mosheh, had separated himself from the Qĕynites and pitched his tent near the terebinth tree at Tsaʽanayim, which is beside Qeḏesh.
12 And they reported to Sisera that Baraq son of Aḇinoʽam had gone up to Mount Taḇor.
13 So Sisera called all his chariots, nine hundred chariots of iron, and all the people who were with him, from Ḥarosheth Haggoyim to the wadi Qishon.
14 And Deḇorah said to Baraq, “Rise up! For this is the day in which יהוה has given Sisera into your hand. Has not יהוה gone out before you?” And Baraq went down from Mount Taḇor with ten thousand men after him.
15 And יהוה destroyed Sisera and all his chariots and all his army with the edge of the sword before Baraq. And Sisera leaped from his chariot and fled away on foot.
16 But Baraq pursued the chariots and the army as far as Ḥarosheth Haggoyim, and all the army of Sisera fell by the edge of the sword, not one was left.
17 Sisera, meanwhile, had fled on foot to the tent of Yaʽĕl, the wife of Ḥeḇer the Qĕynite, for there was peace between Yaḇin sovereign of Ḥatsor and the house of Ḥeḇer the Qĕynite.
18 And Yaʽĕl went out to meet Sisera, and said to him, “Turn aside, my master, turn aside to me, do not fear.” So he turned aside with her into the tent, and she covered him with a blanket.
19 And he said to her, “Please give me a little water to drink, for I am thirsty.” So she opened a bottle of milk, and gave him a drink, and covered him.
20 And he said to her, “Stand at the door of the tent, and it shall be if anyone comes and asks you, and says, ‘Is there a man here?’ you shall say, ‘No.’ ”
21 But Yaʽĕl, Ḥeḇer’s wife, took a tent peg and took a hammer in her hand, and went softly to him and drove the peg into the side of his head, and it went down into the ground – for he was fast asleep and exhausted – and he died.
22 And see, as Baraq pursued Sisera, Yaʽĕl came out to meet him, and said to him, “Come, let me show you the man whom you are seeking.” And when he went into her tent, there lay Sisera, dead with the peg in the side of his head.
23 And on that day Elohim humbled Yaḇin sovereign of Kenaʽan in the presence of the children of Yisra’ĕl.
24 And the hand of the children of Yisra’ĕl grew stronger and stronger against Yaḇin sovereign of Kenaʽan, until they had cut off Yaḇin sovereign of Kenaʽan.
Suggested HaBerith HaChadashah Reading Jn 6:15-71
Joh 6:15-71 Then יהושע, knowing that they were about to come and seize Him, that they might make Him sovereign, withdrew again to the mountain, alone by Himself.
16 And when evening came, His taught ones went down to the sea,
17 and entering into the boat, they were going over the sea toward Kephar Naḥum. And it had already become dark, and יהושע had not yet come to them.
18 And the sea was rising because a great wind was blowing.
19 When they had rowed about five or six kilometres, they saw יהושע walking on the sea and coming near the boat, and they were afraid.
20 And He said to them, “It is I, do not be afraid.”
21 They wished therefore to take Him into the boat, and at once the boat was at the land where they were going.
22 On the next day, the crowd that was standing on the other side of the sea saw that there was no other boat there except that one into which His taught ones had entered, and that יהושע had not entered the boat with His taught ones, but His taught ones went away alone –
23 but other boats came from Kinnereth, near the place where they ate bread after the Master had given thanks –
24 therefore when the crowd saw that יהושע was not there, nor His taught ones, they themselves also entered into the boats and came to Kephar Naḥum, seeking יהושע.
25 And having found Him on the other side of the sea, they asked Him, “Rabbi, when did You come here?”
26 יהושע answered them and said, “Truly, truly, I say to you, you seek Me, not because you saw signs, but because you ate of the loaves and were satisfied.
27 “Do not labour for the food that is perishing, but for the food that is remaining to everlasting life, which the Son of Aḏam shall give you,1 for the Father, Elohim, has set His seal on Him.” Footnote: 1See vv. 35, 48, 51, 58, and Mt. 4:4.
28 So they said to Him, “What should we do to work the works of Elohim?”
29 יהושע answered and said to them, “This is the work of Elohim, that you believe in Him whom He sent.”
30 So they said to Him, “What sign then would You do, so that we see and believe You? What would You do?
31 “Our fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, as it has been written, ‘He gave them bread out of the heaven to eat.’ ”
32 Therefore יהושע said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, Mosheh did not give you the bread out of the heaven, but My Father gives you the true bread out of the heaven.
33 “For the bread of Elohim is He who comes down out of the heaven and gives life to the world.”
34 So they said to Him, “Master, give us this bread always.”
35 And יהושע said to them, “I am the bread of life. He who comes to Me shall not get hungry at all, and he who believes in Me shall not get thirsty at all.
36 “But I said to you that you have seen Me, and still do not believe.
37 “All that the Father gives Me shall come to Me, and the one who comes to Me I shall by no means cast out.
38 “Because I have come down out of the heaven, not to do My own desire, but the desire of Him who sent Me.
39 “This is the desire of the Father who sent Me, that all He has given Me I should not lose of it, but should raise it in the last day.
40 “And this is the desire of Him who sent Me, that everyone who sees the Son and believes in Him should possess everlasting life. And I shall raise him up in the last day.”
41 Therefore the Yehuḏim were grumbling against Him, because He said, “I am the bread which came down out of the heaven.”
42 And they said, “Is not this יהושע, the son of Yosĕph, whose father and mother we know? How is it then that He says, ‘I have come down out of the heaven’?”
43 Then יהושע answered and said to them, “Do not grumble with one another.
44 “No one is able to come to Me unless the Father who sent Me draws him. And I shall raise him up in the last day.
45 “It has been written in the prophets, ‘And they shall all be taught by יהוה.’ Everyone, then, who has heard from the Father, and learned, comes to Me.
46 “Not that anyone has seen the Father, except He who is from Elohim – He has seen the Father.
47 “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who believes in Me possesses everlasting life.
48 “I am the bread of life.
49 “Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness and they died.
50 “This is the bread which comes down out of the heaven, so that anyone might eat of it, and not die.
51 “I am the living bread which came down out of the heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he shall live forever. And indeed, the bread that I shall give is My flesh, which I shall give for the life of the world.”
52 The Yehuḏim, therefore, were striving with one another, saying, “How is this One able to give us His flesh to eat?”
53 יהושע therefore said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Aḏam and drink His blood, you possess no life in yourselves.
54 “He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood possesses everlasting life, and I shall raise him up in the last day.
55 “For My flesh is truly food, and My blood is truly drink.
56 “He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood stays in Me, and I in him.
57 “As the living Father sent Me, and I live because of the Father, so he who feeds on Me shall live because of Me.
58 “This is the bread which came down out of the heaven, not as your fathers ate the manna and died. He who eats this bread shall live forever.”
59 He said this in a congregation, teaching in Kephar Naḥum.
60 Therefore many of His taught ones having heard, said, “This word is hard, who is able to hear it?”
61 But יהושע knowing within Himself that His taught ones were grumbling about this, said to them, “Does this make you stumble?
62 “What if you see the Son of Aḏam going up where He was before?
63 “It is the Spirit that gives life, the flesh does not profit at all. The words that I speak to you are Spirit and are life.1 Footnote: 1See v. 68, and 1 Cor. 15:45. Word and Spirit are in unity.
64 “But there are some of you who do not believe.” For יהושע knew from the beginning who they were who did not believe, and who would deliver Him up.
65 And He said, “Because of this I have said to you that no one is able to come to Me unless it has been given to him by My Father.”
66 From then on many of His taught ones withdrew and were not walking with Him any more.
67 יהושע therefore said to the twelve, “Do you also wish to go away?”
68 Then Shimʽon Kĕpha answered Him, “Master, to whom shall we go? You possess words of everlasting life.
69 “And we have believed, and we know that You are the Messiah, the Son of the living Elohim.”
70 יהושע answered them, “Have I not chosen you, the twelve, and one of you is a devil?”
71 He was now speaking of Yehuḏah from Qerioth, the son of Shimʽon, for he, one of the twelve, was about to deliver Him up.
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Beshalach Aliya Summary
General Overview: In this week's reading, Beshalach, Pharaoh pursues the Israelites into the desert. The Red Sea splits, the Israelites cross the sea while the Egyptian army is drowned. Moses and the Israelites sing a special song thanking G‑d for this miracle. The Israelites complain about a lack of food and drink. G‑d sends Manna and quail for them to eat, and miraculously produces water from a rock. Amalek attacks the Israelites and is soundly defeated.
First Aliyah: After Pharaoh sent the Israelites from his land, G‑d did not allow them to take the most direct route to the Promised Land, fearing that any confrontation would then frighten the Israelites, causing them to return to Egypt via this short route. Instead G‑d had them take the circuitous desert route, leading them with a pillar of cloud during daytime and a pillar of fire after dark. G‑d then commanded the Israelites to backtrack and encamp along the Red Sea. They would thus appear to be hopelessly lost, which would prompt the Egyptians to pursue them. The Israelites followed this instruction, and, indeed, the Egyptians armies set out after the "lost" and cornered Israelites.
Second Aliyah: The Israelites noticed the approaching Egyptian armies, and they panicked. "Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us to die in the desert?" they screamed at Moses. "Don't be afraid," Moses reassured. "Stand firm and see G‑d's salvation that He will wreak for you today . . . G‑d will fight for you, and you shall remain silent."
Third Aliyah: G‑d instructed Moses, "Speak to the children of Israel and let them travel!" G‑d told Moses to stretch out his staff over the sea and divide it, and the Israelites should then proceed through the split sea. "And the Egyptians shall know that I am G‑d, when I will be glorified through Pharaoh, through his chariots, and through his horsemen." Meanwhile, the pillar of cloud that normally led the Israelites moved to their rear, insulating the Israelites and plunging the Egyptian camp into darkness. Moses stretched out his staff and the sea divided, and the Israelites walked on the seabed, on dry land. The Egyptians quickly pursued them into the sea.
Fourth Aliyah: Moses stretched his hand over the sea and the waters that had been standing like walls now fell upon the Egyptians, drowning them all. Moses then led the Israelites in song, praising G‑d for the wondrous miracle that had transpired. Miriam, Moses' sister, then led the women in song and dance, with musical accompaniment. The Israelites traveled on in the desert, journeying three days without encountering water. They then arrived in Marah, where there was water—but bitter water. Moses miraculously sweetened the water.
Fifth Aliyah: One month after the Exodus, the Israelites' provisions ran dry. They complained to Moses, mentioning nostalgically "the fleshpots of Egypt," that they left behind. G‑d responded that He will rain down bread from heaven in the mornings, and meat will be provided every night.
Sixth Aliyah: The meat, in the form of quails, appeared in the evening and covered the Israelite camp. In the morning, bread – called manna – fell from heaven, encased between layers of morning dew. Moses told the Israelites to gather one omer (a biblical measure) of manna per household member every day. Miraculously, no matter how much manna one picked, he arrived home with precisely one omer per head. Furthermore, Moses commanded the Israelites not to leave any manna over from one day to the next. Some disregarded this instruction, and next morning found their manna worm-infested. On Friday everyone picked two omers. Moses explained that the second portion was to be prepared and set aside for Shabbat—when no manna would fall. Again some disregarded Moses' directive, and went out pick manna on Shabbat. G‑d was angered by this disobedience. G‑d instructed Moses to take a jar of manna and place it in the (yet to be constructed) Tabernacle, as a testament for all future generations.
Seventh Aliyah: The Israelites journeyed further and as they arrived in Rephidim their drinking water ran out again. The Israelites complained, and G‑d instructed Moses to smite a certain rock with his staff. Water came pouring out of the rock and the people drank. The Amalekites then came and attacked the Israelites. Moses directed his student Joshua to assemble an army and battle Amalek. Joshua did so, and the Israelites were victorious—aided by Moses' prayer atop a mountain. G‑d told Moses to record in the Book that He will "surely erase the memory of Amalek from under the heavens."
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